Isikhokelo sokugqibela soLungiso lweLaser: Ukusombulula iingxaki zokuguquguquka kwamandla

Ukungazinzi kwamandla kwizixhobo ze-laser ayisiyonto nje ikruqulayo—inokumisa imveliso, ithomalalise ukuchaneka, kwaye bufutshane ubomi becandelo. Nokuba usebenza ne-CO₂, i-fiber, okanye i-laser-state eqinile, indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuxilonga kunye nokulungisa ukulahleka kwamandla okanye ukuguquguquka kuya kubuyisela inkqubo yakho kwindlela ngokukhawuleza. Apha ngezantsi, sicalula inyathelo ngalinye-ukusuka kuhlolo lokuqala ukuya ekuqinisekiseni okokugqibela-ukukunceda woyise iziphumo ezigwenxa kwaye ubuyisele ukusebenza okuzinzileyo.

1. Qonda Iimpawu

Ngaphambi kokuntywila kulungiso, bonisa ngokucacileyo ingxaki:

• Ukuhla kwamandla ngokuthe ngcembe: Imveliso yehla kancinci ngeentsuku okanye iiveki.

• Ukwehla kwamandla ngesiquphe: Ukuwa okubukhali kwimveliso ngexesha lokusika okanye i-pulse.

• Ukuguquguquka okuNgaphakathi: Ukunyuka kwamandla kunye nokudipha ngokungalindelekanga.

• Ukungangqinelani kokuQalisa: Amandla apheleleyo afike kuphela emva kokuphinda kuqaliswe kaninzi.

Ukuloga ezi patheni-kubandakanya xa zisenzeka, phantsi kowuphi umthwalo, kunye nazo naziphi na iikhowudi zeempazamo ezihamba nazo-zikhokela indlela yakho yokusombulula ingxaki kwaye unqande umzamo ochithekileyo.

2. Qinisekisa uBonelelo lwaMandla

A. Ii-Mains kunye ne-Input Voltage

1. Ukulinganisa iVoltage engenayo

• Sebenzisa i-multimeter ye-RMS yokwenyani ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla ombane ombane kwindawo yakho angaphakathi kwe-±5% yegalelo elilinganisiweyo lelaser.

• Qwalasela iifuse, iziqhekezi, kunye nezikhuseli zotyando ngeempawu zokukhubeka, ukubola, okanye ukuguquka kombala okunxulumene nobushushu.

B. Iimodyuli zamandla angaphakathi

1. DC Bus kunye High-Voltage Rails

• Ngesixokelelwano esiqhutywayo, linganisa ngononophelo iileyili zamandla ombane angundoqo (umzekelo, +48 V, +5 V, ±12 V) ngokuchasene neenkcukacha zasefektri.

• Jonga i-bulging okanye i-electrolytic capacitors evuzayo kwiibhodi zamandla. Imitha ye-capacitance inokuqinisekisa ukuthotywa.

Ingcebiso:Ngalo lonke ixesha ulandela iinkqubo zokutshixa/ukukhupha kwaye ukhuphe ii-capacitors ezinevoltage ephezulu phambi kokukhangela.

3. Hlola uMthombo weMpompo

Kwi-diode-pumped kunye ne-flashlamp-pumped lasers, imodyuli yepompo iqhuba ngokuthe ngqo amandla okuvelisa.

A. IiLaser zeDiode (IiFayibha kunye neDiode Bar Systems)

• Diode yangoku: Yenza umlinganiselo wangoku; kufuneka ingqinelane nomlinganiselo ochaziweyo phantsi kweemeko zokungathwali mthwalo.

• Ulawulo lobushushu: Qinisekisa iindawo zokubeka i-thermoelectric cooler (TEC) kunye nobushushu bemodyuli yangempela. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweDiode kunye nexesha lokuphila liyachaphazeleka ukuba ubushushu bukhukuliseka ngaphezulu kwe ±2 °C.

• Isidibanisi Imfezeko: Qinisekisa ukuba i-fiber pigtails okanye i-diode bar solder joints azibonakalisi iintanda, i-discoloration, okanye uxinzelelo lomatshini.

B. Iinkqubo zeFlashlamp (Nd:YAG, Ruby)

• Pulse Charging Voltage: Sebenzisa iprobe ye-high-voltage ukuqinisekisa iintlawulo zebhanki ye-capacitor kumbane ochanekileyo phambi kombane ngamnye.

• Imeko yesibane: Iimvulophu zesibane eziguqulwe umbala okanye ezimnyama zibonisa ukungcoliseka kwegesi kunye nokuncipha kokusebenza kokumpompa.

4. Vavanya ukuPholisa kunye nokuzinza kweThermal

Ubushushu bungunobangela othuleyo emva kwemiba emininzi yamandla. Ukupholisa kakubi kunokunyanzela inkqubo kwimowudi yokukhusela i-thermal, i-throttling amandla okuthintela umonakalo.

1. Ireyithi yokuHamba okupholisayo

• Kwiilaser ezipholileyo ngamanzi, ukulinganisa ukuhamba ngevili lokubheqa okanye i-ultrasonic flowmeter.

• Rekhoda indawo yokungena vs. amaqondo okupholisa aphumayo. Ukunyuka okungaphezulu kunobona buninzi bomenzi (kaninzi yi-5–10 °C) kubonakalisa amajelo avaliweyo okanye izikhenkcezisi ezingasebenziyo.

• Hlola abalandeli nge-RPM efanelekileyo, kunye nezihluzo zomoya ezicocekileyo okanye ii-heatsinks ukubuyisela ukuhamba komoya.

5. Jonga i-Beam Path Components

Ukulahleka kwe-Optical-okubangelwa yi-optics engcolileyo okanye engalunganga-inokulinganisa ukuguquguquka kwamandla kwimveliso.

• Iifestile eziKhuselwayo kunye neeLensi

• Susa kwaye ucoce ngezinyibilikisi ze-optical-grade; buyisela ukuba igqojoziwe okanye ikrweliwe.

• Izipili kunye neBeam Splitters

• Qinisekisa ulungelelwaniso namakhadi olungelelwaniso okanye ababukeli bentsimbi; nokuba ukuthambeka kwe-0.1° kunokunciphisa imveliso ngeepesenti ezininzi.

• Iziqhagamshelo zeFayibha (IiFayibha iiLaser)

• Jonga isiphelo-buso phantsi kwefiber microscope; phinda upolishe okanye ubuyisele izihlanganisi ezibonisa umonakalo.

6. Ukuphonononga uLawulo lwe-Electronics kunye neSoftware

Iilaser zanamhlanje zixhomekeke kwiilophu zempendulo ukulawula iziphumo. Iimpazamo zeSoftware okanye zenzwa zinokuzisa ukungazinzi kwamandla okubonakalayo.

1. Ulungelelwaniso loVavanyo

• Jonga i-photodiode okanye ufundo lwe-thermopile ngokuchasene nemitha yamandla yangaphandle.

• Qinisekisa ukuba iinzuzo ze-PID loop kunye namazinga erempu yamandla awatshintshwanga ngempazamo. Buyela kuqwalaselo olwaziwayo-kakuhle ukuba kuyimfuneko.

• I-log yenkqubo yokuthumela ngaphandle ukuchonga iimpazamo eziphindaphindiweyo-ezifana "nempompo yangoku ngaphandle koluhlu" okanye "uhambo lwe-thermal" -kunye nokujongana noonobangela.

7. Uvavanyo lokugqibela kunye nokuqinisekiswa

Emva kweentshukumo zolungiso, qinisekisa ukuba isixokelelwano sinikezela ngamandla angaguqukiyo kwimvulophu yokusebenza kwayo:

• Akukho-Uzinzo Lomthwalo: Ukulinganisa amandla okuphuma ngokungasebenziyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwesiseko.

• Uvavanyo lomthwalo: Qhuba ummeli wokusika okanye imisebenzi ye-welding ngelixa ugawula amandla ngexesha lokwenyani. Khangela izitenxo ezingaphaya kwe ±2% yamandla aqhelekileyo.

• Ukutshiswa Ixesha Elide: Sebenzisa i-laser kumandla aphezulu iiyure ezininzi ukuqinisekisa akukho drift thermal okanye ukudinwa kwecandelo.

Bhala yonke imilinganiselo yangaphambili nasemva ecaleni kwezixhobo ezilungisiweyo okanye useto olutshintshileyo. Le rekhodi ayingqini nje ukulungisa kodwa ikwanceda ekuxazululeni iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

8. Amanyathelo asebenzayo okuThintela ukuPhinda

• UPhicotho loMbane olucwangcisiweyo: Ukuhlolwa kwekota komgangatho oyintloko kunye neereyili zamandla zangaphakathi.

• Ukulungela Inxalenye eSpare: Gcina izinto ezibalulekileyo-iimodyuli zediode, izibane ezikhanyayo, ii-capacitors, izihlungi zokupholisa-kwishelufu.

• Uqeqesho lwabaSebenzisi: Fundisa abasebenzi ukuba babone iimpawu ezilumkisayo kwangethuba, njengengxolo yefeni engaqhelekanga okanye idiphu yamandla kancinane, phambi kokuba zinyuke.

• Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo: Gcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo kunye nomswakama kwindawo ebiyelweyo ye-laser ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-elektroniki kunye ne-optics.

Ngokulandela olu luhlu lokuxilonga kunye nokulungisa ukuhamba komsebenzi, uya kuchonga ngokukhawuleza kwaye usombulule ilahleko yamandla okanye imiba yokuguquguquka kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yelaser. Amaxwebhu ahambelanayo, adityaniswe nokutshekishwa okucwangcisiweyo kokuthintela, aguqula ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kube kulondolozo olusebenzayo-ukugcina iilaser zakho zincwina ngamandla apheleleyo kunye nexesha elincinci lokuphumla.